2017年高考英語語法必考知識點：強調句

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▲高考英語語法必考知識點：強調句

強調句(The Emphatic Pattern)是一種修辭，是人們?yōu)榱吮磉_自己的意愿或情感而使用的一種形式。通過各種方式對句子中的某個部分進行強調，從而起到修辭的作用。 英語常用的強調結構是"It is (was)+被強調部分(主語、賓語或狀語)+who (that)..."。一般說來,被強調部分指人時,用who;指事物時用that,但that也可以指人。在美國英語中指事物時常用which來代替that。

▲高考英語語法必考知識點：強調句的常用句型

1. 陳述句的強調句型

It is/ was + 被強調部分（通常是主語、賓語或狀語）+ that/ who（當強調主語且主語指人）+ 其他部分。

例子 It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.

2. 一般疑問句的強調句型

同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。

例子 Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping

3. 特殊疑問句的強調句型

被強調部分（通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分

例子 When and where was it that you were born

4.not … until … 句型的強調句

A. 句型為：It is/ was not until + 被強調部分 + that + 其他部分

普通句：He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back.

強調句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.

B. 注意：

此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是強調句型，till, until可通用；因為句型中It is/ was not ... 已經(jīng)是否定句了，that后面的從句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。

5.謂語動詞的強調

A. It is/ was ... that ... 結構不能強調謂語，如果需要強調謂語時，用助動詞do/ does或did

Do sit down. 務必請坐。

Do be careful when you cross the street. 過馬路時，務必（千萬）要小心?。?/p>

B. 注意：

此種強調只用do/ does和did，沒有別的形式；過去時用did，后面的謂語動詞用原形。

▲高考英語語法必考知識點：強調句的形式

常見到的強調形式，共有以下七類：

⒈用do\does\did + V可表強調

Some people do believe that nuclear power poses a threat to the world peace.

⒉adv或adj可表強調：Never \ only\ Very

This is the very question that deserves careful analysis.

⒊雙重否定可表強調

Taking part-time jobs is never without drawbacks.

⒋what引導的主從可表強調

What really matters is cooperation.

⒌倒裝可表強調(凡是倒裝都可以表示強調)

Little do people take into account the seriousness of this problem.

⒍比較狀語從句可表強調

Nothing is more imperative than to learn from the past.

⒎強調句型可表強調

It is \was +被強調部份+ that \ who +原句剩余部份

It is stability that destroys people’s ambition and barricades people’s steps.

▲高考英語語法必考知識點：強調句的結構

強調句的十種結構：

1．用助動詞“do（does/did）+動詞原形”來表示強調：

Do write to me when you get there．你到那兒后務必給我來信。

2．用形容詞very，only，single，such等修飾名詞或形容詞來加強語氣：

How dare you buy such expensive jewels你怎么敢買這么貴的寶石呢

3．用ever，never，very，just等副詞和badly，highly，really等帶有－l y的副詞來進行強調：

I really don’t know what to do next．我的確不知道下一步該怎么做。

4．用in the world，on earth，at all等介詞短語可以表達更強的語氣（常用于疑問句）：

Where in the world could he be他到底會在哪兒

5．用感嘆句來表示強烈的感情，突出說話人的情感：

How interesting a story it is！這是一個多么有趣的故事?。?/p>

6．用重復來表示強調：

Why！why！The cage is empty！??！??！箱子是空的。

7．用倒裝句（也就是將要強調的句子或被強調的部分置于句首）來加強語氣：

On the table were some flowers．桌上擺著一些花。（強調地點）

8．用強調句型：“It is（was）+被強調的部分+that（who）+原句其它部分”來強調說話人的意愿：

It was on Monday night that all this happened．所有這一切發(fā)生在周一晚上。

9．用If來表示強調：

1）If從句+I don’t know who/what，etc．does/is/has，etc．

主語部分也可以用nobody does/is/has，etc．或everybody does/is/has，et c．來代替（這里的if從句往往是正話反說，反話正說）：

If he can’t do it，I don’t know who can．要是他做不了這件事，我不知道還有誰能做。（強調只有他能做） If Jim is a coward，everybody is．要是吉姆是個膽小鬼，那么人人都是膽小鬼。（強調吉姆不是膽小鬼）

2）if從句+it be主句（此用法可看成是第8中強調句型的變形，即把所要強調的內容放在it be的后面，把其它內容放在由if引導的從句中）：

If anyone knew the truth，it was Tom．如果說誰了解事實的真相，那便是湯姆。

10．用破折號、黑體字也可以表示強調，加強語氣：

It’s because of hard work—ten years of hard work．那是因為艱苦的工作--十年艱苦的工作！

He began the work in late May．他在五月底開始的這項工作。（強調時間）

▲高考英語語法必考知識點：強調句練習

[鞏固練習]

1. —Who is making so much noise in the garden

—__________ the children.

A. It is B. They are C. It can’t be D. They are

2. An awful accident __________ ， however， occur the other day.

A. does B. did C. has to D. had to

3. —Was __________ Bill， __________ played soccer well， __________ helped the blind man cross the road

—Yes， you are right. He is always ready to help others.

A. it; that; who B. which; that; that

C. who; which; that D. it; who; that

4. It was not until 1920 __________ regular radio broadcasts began.

A. while B. which C. that D. since

5. It was only when I reread his poems recently __________ I began to appreciate their beauty.

A. until B. that C. before D. when

6. In fact __________ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.

A. this B. that C. there D. it

7. __________ on Monday night that all this happened

A. Is it B. Is that C. Was it D. Was that

8. I __________ see him in the hospital yesterday.

A. really B. do C. did D. was

9. It was because of the bad weather __________ the football match had to be put off.

A. so B. that C. why D. so that

10. —__________ you got in touch with Mr. Smith

—Through a friend of mine.

A. How was it that B. How aws it

C. It was how that D. Was it how that

參考答案1—5 ABDCB6—10 DCCBA

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