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▲高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn):現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)
單個(gè)分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)放在所修飾名詞前。
分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)放在后,并且名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞之間存有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。這是區(qū)分現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)和動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)的判斷方法之一。
e.g.a running boy
,the girl standing there
并且一般都可以轉(zhuǎn)化為一個(gè)進(jìn)行時(shí)的定語(yǔ)從句。
e.g.a boy who is running,a girl who is standing there
▲高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn):現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)
注意1:分詞的完成時(shí)不可作定語(yǔ)
注意2:在message letter sign news notice等詞后要用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ),不用過(guò)去分詞,這是考試的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)。
注意3:某些現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),已不再表示動(dòng)作,已經(jīng)從分詞變?yōu)榱诵稳菰~詞性,如interesting story,an exciting match。這些也可以屬于現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ),但是不能轉(zhuǎn)化為相應(yīng)的定語(yǔ)從句,但是可以有三級(jí)變化(原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí))和被某些副詞如very修飾。
▲高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn):現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)
現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)很多,有時(shí)單獨(dú)作定語(yǔ),放在所修飾的詞前面:
He is a promising young man.他時(shí)一個(gè)有培養(yǎng)前途的青年。
It is a fascinating city.這是一座迷人的城市。
Wisconsin is the leading dairy state.威斯康星乳牛產(chǎn)品領(lǐng)先各州。
They are visiting in a neighbouring town.他們?cè)谂R近一座城市訪問(wèn)。
▲高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn):現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)
也可引起一個(gè)短語(yǔ),放在所修飾的詞后面:
There is someone knocking at the door.有人在敲門(mén)。
I know a man working in that factory.我認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)在那家工廠干活的人。
The girl sitting beside me is my cousin.坐在我旁邊的姑娘是我的表妹。
Do you know the man talking to her和她說(shuō)話的男子你認(rèn)識(shí)嗎
▲高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn):現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)
現(xiàn)在分詞也有時(shí)可用作狀語(yǔ),修飾謂語(yǔ),表示:
1)同時(shí)發(fā)生的另一動(dòng)作:
A boy came running in.一個(gè)男孩跑進(jìn)屋來(lái)。
I went shopping with mother in town.我和媽媽一道進(jìn)城買(mǎi)東西。
Following Tom, they started to climb.他們跟著湯姆往上爬。
2)原因:
Not knowing the way, he couldn’t go there.由于不知道路,他無(wú)法到那里去。
Being excited, she couldn’t go to sleep.因?yàn)榧?dòng)她睡不著。
3)時(shí)間:
Hearing the news, we jumped with joy.聽(tīng)到這消息時(shí)我們高興得跳了起來(lái)。
Turning around, he saw a tiger running up.他轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身時(shí)看到一只老虎跑了過(guò)來(lái)。
有時(shí)和when或while連用:
They got engaged when traveling in Europe.他們?cè)跉W洲旅游時(shí)訂了婚。
His fingers trembled while doing so.他這樣做時(shí)手指顫抖了一下。
▲高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn):現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)
Exercises:
1. 在下面句子中作定語(yǔ)的分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)下劃線:
1) He is a promising young man.
2) It is a fascinating city.
3) He was one of the leading composers of the time.
4) Who is the girl standing on her hands
5) They built a road leading to the village.
6) Who knows the missing words in the sentence
7) My aunt told us an amusing story.
8) In our village live 350 families belonging to three nationalities.
9) There is a car waiting at the door.
10) Don’t wake the sleeping child.
▲高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn):現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)
在下面句子中由分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)表示的狀語(yǔ)下劃線:
1) Traveling by jeep, we visited a number of cities.
2) We couldn’t help them, being so poor ourselves.
3) Coming down the mountain, we met Jim on the way.
4) We spent a lot of money rebuilding the house.
5) He worked the whole afternoon trying to repair the car.
6) Not knowing the language, he couldn’t get a job.
7) The manager came towards us smiling.
8) Having failed twice, they didn’t want to try again.
9) Being a student, she was naturally interested in museums.
10) Turning around, she saw a man following her.
11) When leaving the airport, they waved to us again and again.
12) While staying there, I learnt a lot from them.
2017年高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn):現(xiàn)在分詞的垂懸結(jié)構(gòu)
2017年高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn):現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式
2017年高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn):"To"-不定式
2017年高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn):動(dòng)詞不定式的完成進(jìn)行式
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