2017年高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式

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▲高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式

Tell him not to shut the window…

She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 我走過(guò)的時(shí)候，她假裝沒(méi)看見(jiàn)。

▲高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式

動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符號(hào)to的前面加上not，如果是不帶to的不定式就直接在動(dòng)詞原形前面加上not. For example:

I tell him to go to the playgound 否定形式為 I tell him not to go to the playgound 這就是不定式的否定。 如果按照你說(shuō)的把動(dòng)詞否定： I don't tell him to go to the playgound. 這話就成了我沒(méi)告訴他去操場(chǎng)。強(qiáng)調(diào)的是告訴還是沒(méi)告訴。而不定式的否定強(qiáng)調(diào)的是不要去操場(chǎng)。就是不能去那里。二者強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點(diǎn)不同。

▲高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式

(1) 三個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式肯定

To work out this difficult problem in three days is impossible

=It is impossible to work out this difficult problem in three days

To learn English so well is of great importance to us all

=It is of great importance to us all to learn English so well i

To swim across the river is very easy for the little boy

=It is very easy for the little boy to swim across the river

(1) 三個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式否定

Our teacher often tells us not to be late for school

His parents want him not to play with those bad boys

The girls are told not to go out alone in the evening /at night

▲高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式

典型例題

1）Tell him ___ the window.

A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut

D. not shut

答案：B。 tell sb to do sth 的否定形式為tell sb not to do sth.

2)She pretended ___ me when I passed by.

A.not to see B. not seeingC. to not see

D.having not seen

答案：A。 pretend 后應(yīng)接不定式。其否定形式為pretend not to do sth.。

3）Mrs. Smith warned her daughter ___ after drinking.

A. never to drive B. to never driver

C. never driving D. never drive

答案：A。warn sb to do sth. 的否定形式為warn sb not to do sth. 此處用的是否定詞never.

4) The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street，but his mother told him ____.

A. not toB. not to doC. not do it

D. do not to

答案：A。not to 為not to do it 的省略形式?？梢灾挥胻o這個(gè)詞，而不必重復(fù)整個(gè)不定式詞組。及物動(dòng)詞do后應(yīng)有名詞、代詞等，否則不對(duì)，因此B，D不對(duì)。

5) The patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation.

A. to eat no B. eating not C. not to eat

D. not eating

答案：C。warn一詞要求后用不定式，此處為不定式的被動(dòng)，否定形式為be warned not to do。

▲高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式

練習(xí)題

1. Mr Black asked the man ________ the queue.

A. not to jump B. to not jumpC. didn't jump D. not jump (廣西壯族自治區(qū))

2. The old man told the child ______ noisy.

A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. be not (湖北省)

3. There is going to ______ an important meeting tomorrow. Please try ______ late.

A. have， not to be B. have， not be

C. be， not to be D. be， not be (內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū))

Key： 1. A 2. B 3. C

［簡(jiǎn)析］動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符號(hào)to的前面加上not，如果是不帶to的不定式就直接在動(dòng)詞原形前面加上not.

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