2017年高考英語語法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：原因狀語從句

學(xué)分網(wǎng)給各位考生整理了2017年高考英語語法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：原因狀語從句，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。更多的資訊請(qǐng)持續(xù)關(guān)注學(xué)分網(wǎng)。（http://www.mlvmservice.com/）

▲高考英語語法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：原因狀語從句精講

一、引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞

主要的有because,for,in that,for the reason that;as,seeing (that), seeing as;since;now (that); considering (that)等：

The woolly shrank because it was washed badly. 毛衣因?yàn)橄礈斓姆椒ú缓枚s水。

I can’t get to sleep because of the noise outside. 由于外面聲音嘈雜我睡不著。

Since [As] we’ve no money, we can’t buy it. 由于我們沒錢，我們不能購買它。

Seeing that it’s raining, we’d better stay indoors. 既然外邊在下雨，我們最好待在室內(nèi)。

Now that you are here, you’d better stay. 你既然來了，最好還是留下吧(既來之，則安之)。

【注】除以上提到的大家比較熟悉的引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞外，when有時(shí)也可引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句(when表示“既然”)

I won’t tell you when you won’t listen. 既然你不想聽，那我就不告訴你了。

二、關(guān)于not…because結(jié)構(gòu)

該結(jié)構(gòu)中的否定詞有時(shí)否定主句，有時(shí)否定從句，一般要根據(jù)句子的意思作出正確或合乎邏輯的理解。若not否定主句，最好在because之前用逗號(hào)，否則會(huì)引起歧義，如下句在沒有特定上下文時(shí)就有兩種解釋：

I didn’t go because I was afraid. 我沒有去是因?yàn)榕隆? 我不是因?yàn)榕虏湃サ摹?/p>

不過若because之前有just修飾，一般認(rèn)為not 是否定從句的：

You shouldn’t get angry just because some people speak ill of you. 你不要因?yàn)橛腥苏f你壞話而生氣。

三、because不能與so連用

漢語習(xí)慣上說“因?yàn)椤浴保⒄Z習(xí)慣上卻不能將 so與because 連用：

因?yàn)橄掠?，所以我們得呆在家里?/p>

正：Because it was raining, we stayed at home. / It was raining, so we stayed at home.

誤：Because it was raining, so we stayed at home.

四、because從句與 because of短語的轉(zhuǎn)換

Because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句有時(shí)可與because of 短語轉(zhuǎn)換，because of后加的原因可以為好或壞

但最正規(guī)的還是becauseHe can’t come because he is ill. / He can’t come because of his illness. 他因病不能來。

I said nothing about it because his wife was there. / I said nothing about it because of his wife’s being there. 因?yàn)樗拮釉谀莾?，我?duì)此事只字未提。

比較：because, since,as和for的區(qū)別：

1) because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句一般放于主句的后面，because從句位于句首時(shí)要用逗號(hào)分開，放在句末時(shí)，可不用逗號(hào)分開。because表示直接原因， 語氣最強(qiáng)， 最適合回答why引導(dǎo)的疑問句。because of 也表示原因，但它后面不接從句, 只能接名詞, 代詞或動(dòng)名詞。注意：because 和so 不可同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)句子里。

① I do it because I like it. = I like it so I do it.

② We went by bus because it was cheaper. = It was cheaper so we went by bus.

③ He can’t go to school because of his illness.

2) since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、 顯然的理由(通常被翻譯成“既然”= now that )， 較為正式， 語氣比because弱。

① Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics.

② Since you don't trust him, you should not employ him.

③ Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents.

3) as 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句時(shí)表示附帶說明的“雙方已知的原因”，含有對(duì)比說明的意味，語氣比since弱， 較為正式， 位置較為靈活(常放于主句之前)。

① As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi.

② As you are tired, you had better rest.

③ I went to bed early, as I was exhausted.

4) for引導(dǎo)的是并列句表示原因但并不說明主句行為發(fā)生的直接原因， 只提供一些輔助性的補(bǔ)充說明， for引導(dǎo)的并列句只能放于主句之后并且必須用逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開。

① He could not have seen me, for I was not there.

② He seldom goes out now, for he is very old.

▲高考英語語法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：原因狀語從句例句

原因狀語從句表原因， 以下逐一介紹中考、高考中常見的原因狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞：

1. because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句一般放于主句的后面，because從句位于句首時(shí)要用逗號(hào)分開，放在句末 時(shí)，可不用逗號(hào)分開。because表示直接原因， 語氣最強(qiáng)， 最適合回答why引導(dǎo)的疑問句。

例如：

I do it because I like it.

我做這件事是因?yàn)槲蚁矚g。

You can trust those products because the quality never varies.

你可以信賴那些產(chǎn)品，因?yàn)樗鼈兊馁|(zhì)量從來不變。

We went by bus because it was cheaper.

我們乘公交汽車去，因?yàn)檫@樣便宜一些。

注意： “not ... because”結(jié)構(gòu)中的not否定的是because引導(dǎo)的整個(gè)從句，

例如：

誤：The country is not strong because it is large.

正：The country is strong not just because it is large.

國強(qiáng)不在大。

I didn't help him,not because I was unwilling,but because I was unable to do it.

我沒有幫助他，不是因?yàn)槲也辉敢?，而是因?yàn)槲伊Σ粡男摹?/p>

2. since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、 顯然的理由(通常被翻譯成“既然”)， 較為正式， 語氣比because弱。

例如：

Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics.

既然今天你休息， 你最好幫我補(bǔ)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)。

Since you don't trust him,you should not employ him.

你既然不信任他，你就不該雇用他。

注意： seeing (that)， now (that)， considering (that)， in that這幾個(gè)詞匯與since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句意思相近， 都表示“既然”。

例如：

Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there’s no reason that we should now help him.

他既然曾經(jīng)拒絕幫助我們， 我們沒有理由要來幫助他。

Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents.

既然你長大了， 就不應(yīng)該依靠你的父母了。

Considering (that) everybody is here, let’s begin our discussion.

既然大家都到了， 我們就開始討論吧。

In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it.

因?yàn)樗×?，他覺得做不了那件事。

3. as 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句時(shí)表示附帶說明的“雙方已知的原因”， 語氣比since弱， 較為正式， 位置較為靈活(常放于主句之前)。

例如：

As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi.

既然在下雨， 你最好乘出租汽車。

As you are tired, you had better rest.

既然累了， 你最好休息一下。

I went to bed early, as I was exhausted.

我睡得早， 因?yàn)槲乙呀钇ＡΡM了。

4. for引導(dǎo)的是并列句表示原因但并不說明主句行為發(fā)生的直接原因， 只提供一些輔助性的補(bǔ)充說明， for引導(dǎo)的并列句只能放于主句之后并且必須用逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開。

例如：

He could not have seen me, for I was not there.

他不可能見過我， 因?yàn)槲也辉谀抢铩?/p>

He seldom goes out now,for he is very old.

他難得出門了，因?yàn)樗晔乱迅摺?/p>

注意：

①in view of the fact that可用as/since/seeing that來表示，但不能用because：

As/Since/Seeing that you are gere，you may as well give me a hand.

既然你在這里，你就幫我個(gè)忙吧。

As/Since/Seeing that Tom knows French,he'd better do the talking.

既然湯姆懂法語，最好讓他來談。

②在as/since/seeing that意指以前共知的或共知的陳述時(shí)，可用if來代替：

As/Since/Seeing/If you don't like Bill。why did you invite him

既然/如果你不喜歡比爾，你為什么邀請(qǐng)了他

▲高考英語語法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：原因狀語從句真題

[考題1] ____ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. (1999)

A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as

[答案] A

[解析] 主句與從句之間存在因果關(guān)系， 且“you’ve got a chance”表示一個(gè)顯而易見的原因， 因此應(yīng)選用表原因的now that。

[考題2] He found it increasingly difficult to read, ____ his eyesight was beginning to fail. (2006北京)

A. and B. for C. but D. or

[答案] B

[解析] “his eyesight was beginning to fail”是“he found it increasingly difficult to read”的原因， 因此本題應(yīng)選用可以表示原因的連詞for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。

[考題3] A man cannot smile like a child, ____ a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone. (2006湖南)

A. so B. but C. and D. for

[答案] D

[解析] 下劃線處之后的句子補(bǔ)充說明“a man cannot smile like a child”的原因， 應(yīng)選用for表原因。

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